Radiator.



n C, F. SPERY. RADIATOR. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 4, X915.

Lwla y h Patentedwylgme 'liwn falli 1 WU l IH lll u 1 '-UNTTED sTaTas PATENT onirica.'-

CHARLES F. SPEELT?,- OF CHICAGOy ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR T CHICAGG UTILITIES MANU- FACTURING COMPANY', A CORPOR/fa'lll OF ILLINOIS.

RADIATOR. K

Listeria.y

' Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July is, 1916.

Application led March 4, 1915. Serial No. 11,954.

- To all tlf/'tom t may Concern.'

Be it known that I, CHARLES F SPERY, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of Chica-go, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Radiators; and I do hereby declare that the following descriptionl of my said invention, taken in connection with the accompanying sheet of then ppinted out in the claims.

In the sheet of drawing already referred to, which clearly discloses in detail the preferr-ed inode of constructing my newly. in-

Y vented radiator, Figure l is a front elevation of a device of the class described, in which is embodied my invention, and it is here explained that the hexagonal outlines therein represent horizontal air or cooling passages and yare drawn to substantially full size scale, while the outline of the radiator frame #is on reduced size and merely sketched in to denote the relationship` of the various parts. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section atline :2-2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3` is a vertical section at line 3-3 of Fig. 2.` Fig. l is a horizontal section .at line 4-4 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a plan of one of a multiplicity of peculiarly bent light4 sheet metallic strips, which, when properly fabricated, constitute duplicate units employed in the carrying out of iny invention. Said plan is approximately full size, except as to length, which length may be extended to whatever height it may be desired to construct the radiator.

section at line 7-7 of Fig. 5, on a double enlarged scale. Fig. 8 is an edge view of one of the duplicate units composed of one of the strips illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6 relient upon its self with itsfree ends joined to Fig. 6 is an edge view. of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a longitudinal, vertical' itself and-before theoperatio'n has been completed.y Fig. 11 is a section of a fragment at line 11-ll of Fig. 1`.

Like parts are indicated by corresponding symbols or characters of reference in all the gures of the drawing. i

One of the objects of my invention is ythe construction of a radiator for cooling the circulating water from gasolene engines inwliat is generally and broadly termed the cellular type of radiator; the 'particular aim in my invention being the provision of the greatest possible radiating surface compati ble with the volumeof water to be cooled,

and correlated to this, are features of construction which renders it possible that the heat radiating from the water needs to be transmitted through only one thickness of metal before being acted upon by the cooling medium. It is well known that in the cellular type of radiators the structure thereof requires a multiplicity of lapped joints, and double thickness of sheet metal, which not only means eXtra cost of material, but, loss of eiciency inthe cooling surface as well. Inmy linvention these disadvantages are eliminated.

Another object of my invention is to construct a radiator from truly duplicate units, whereby the size of the radiatorv may be increased or decreased in size by the simple addition or subtraction of such units. y

A further object is to construct each of the units referred to from a single strip of long, narrow, thin sheet metal, so bent, rebent, formed, and fabricated mechanically as to produce a series of closely spaced trans verse air passages, each of which passages is connected to adjacent ones whereby anV air circulation in both a horizontal and a vertical direction may be created throughout each unit. And in connection with these units are formed continuous offset flanges which,

co-acting with theanges on' adjacent units y passages4 is brought into contact with the,

cooling surfaces.

Other novel features and details of construction are included in my invention as will more fully appear, and to more fully understand the same, reference is now made to the drawing, in which- A, Figs. 1 and 3 denotes the assembled radiator in its entirety, while the completed units thereof are indicated as B in Fig. 8. These :units are made from thin strips of sheet brass or copper approximately .005 inch thick and of a width equaiing the depth decided upon for the radiator'. This raw material is received from the mill in large coils containing 1000 feet or more and these coils are relatively mounted adjacent a suitable stamping press provided with a series of step by step dies and feeding means establishing a constant though intermittent feed of the material lthrough said dies. The first step in the dies aforesaid is to shape the strip into a succession of semi-hexagonal, parallel, transverse corrugations 10, the said die at the same time forming U-shaped passages, 11 between adjacent semi-hexagons, which passages in this initial operation extend the entire width of the strip B. But as the feeding of the strip proceeds, the next stage or step of the die aforesaid is en- `countered,.whi`ch step enlarges the size of the semi-hexagons 10 along the margins of the strip, forming semi-hexagonal enlargements or flanges 12, and at the same time pinches together the metal at the ends of the `U-shaped passages as at 13 converting the passages into closed ended pockets 11 as it were, and it is here explained that these pockets form component parts of the water passages in the completed radiator as hereinafter described. A The anges l2 it will be observedlie in planes parallel to the planes of the sides of the semi-hexagon 10, along the outer edges of the strips, and gradually merge into said sides by beveled partitions 14, whereby there is produced at either end of the semi-hexagons 10 an outwardly liaring mouth 15 as indicated in Fig. G. It is now to be noted that the flanges 12 coact with like flanges on other units B to afford a jointure therebetween, and, the flanges forming larger semi-hexagons than the semihcxagons 10, azig zag channel 16 is produced throughout the length of the strips in an obvious manner. While the die process producing the enlarged semi-liexagons is taking place, the said die also successively forms an indentation 10C in the lower wall 10b of each pocket 11, so as to establish communication between adjacent semi-hexagons 10.

The process of shaping the strip B as.

already described proceeds continuously until the entire length of material has been unrolled from the coil already referred to. But in conjunction with the die press there is arranged a longitudinally adjustable shearing device whereby the strips B may be cut after being shaped into any desired length. Thus if it be desired to construct a plurality of units B each possessed of for instance six complete hexagonalpassages 10, the strip B is cut as of a` length of fifteen semi-hexagons 10 as seen in Fig. 6. In like manner if units having thirty hexagonal passages he desired, the length of the strip B will be sixty three seini-hexagons. The vertical and upwardly inclined walls of the outer semi-hexagons are re-shaped into vertical walls 17 and 17a, and the latter thereof is formed with an offset 17b for purposes hereinafter described. The medial semihexagon indicated at X Figs. 5 and G is then placed on the horn of a suitable horn4 die and bent into an acorn shaped structure 18,v

shown in Fig. 10. This process results in a bending, toward each other of the portions of the-strip B' lying on either side of the medial semi-hexagon X until the lower walls 10b of the water pockets 10 of one of said portions are in alinement and also' in contact with like walls of the other of said portions, at which time the end walls 17 and 17a will be found to aline with each other, with the offset 17b overlapping the wall 17. The acorn shaped structure 1S, Fig. 10 is lastly flattened together as seen at 18 Fig. 6 to effect a lirni and easily soldered joint at that point, and the application of a brazing torch or a soldering iron at the jointure of the walls 17 and 17.;l will insure a union of those parts in an obvious manner.

gether by channels 10d, Figs. 3 and 9, and havlng funnel shaped inlet or outlet mouths 15 to reduce the frictional resistance of air entering therein, it being understood that the thickness of the bridge between said hexagonal passages at the entrance and exit thereof is only .010 inch or twice the thickness of the strip B. rlhisv is an essential of my invention. In all the cellular type of radiators known to me, there is a plane surface of decided width located between each air jassage, whereby theV velocity of flow of air through the passages is greatly decreased and the cooling efliciency thereof distinctly lessened. The fact that the horizontal passages 10 are connected together by the viertical channels 10d insures a free circulation of air not only in a horizontal but a vertical direction as well, whereby the entire developed shape of the unit as a whole becomes effective as cooling surfaces. It will be also observed that both the upper and lower surfaces of the unit B are provided with zig zag channels 16, from the lower apices of -which extend the pockets 11, and, said channels` and pockets are cbmsaid units are assembled as described bei; assembled type is locked before being fastened in aprinting press. This chase or open frame is of a depth possibly one half inch less than the width of the units Band has along one inner edge an adjustable meo tallic plate, which is acted upon by yadjusting set screws passing through said frame. Oneunit B is placed in this frame against said adjusting plate. Another unit B is now placed against the first, but this unit I is reversed as it were, with theL extension 18 extending in a direction opposite that of thev like extension on the initial unit. In this manner. the apices 2O of the flanges l2 of the first unit contact with the lower apices' as 13 produced by the pinching together of the end walls of the' passages 11. In other -words the zig zag contour of the second unit nests into the like zig zag of the initial unit B.y Thus nesting these two units together with their marginal flanges 12 in close contact, creates water passages 16n of zig zag outline with a plurality of spaced pockets 11 as already described. Additional units B are placed in the frame adjacent 'each preceding one, the extensions 18a alternately projecting upwardly andl downwardly, as the case may be, until the said frame is filled, 'whereupon the set screws in the frame are manipulated until all the. flanges 12 of the plurality of units 'are inV intimate contact with adjacent anges. The assembled structure isthen dip ed into a bath of moltenv solderand the like until a tight and firm union of all the flanges 12 is accomplished. 40 The frame is now turned over and the opposite side of thc'structure likewise dipped, after which the frame is removed and the plurality of units, now essentially a single unit is ready for placing into the radiator frame. This frame may be of any desired construction including an upper tank 30 for the reception of the heated water from the hydro-carbon or other motor, and a lower tank 31 for receiving the water from the cooling passages 16, and it is not therefore necessary to go into a detailed. description of said framing, except to point out that the extensions 18 rejecting alternately upwardly and downwardly perform novel and. important functions in connection with the upper tank 30 and lower tankl. Referring to Fig. 11 it will be noted that these extensions are not the full length of the passages 10, but are'shortened at both ends e0 at 18h' so that the sidewalls 40 and 41 may g5 tank 30, and a single solder seam at 12 and 43', Figs. 1 and 11 serves to prevent any' eX- ternal leakage of water. The said walls are likewise soldered to the extensions 18L at la and 15 thereby forming lateral stiffness for the upper tank in an obvious manner, and it may be added that the lower tank is simi- -lai-ly treated. j

I have liereinbefore disclosed the preferred mode of practising my invention, but

' I claim as new, and desire to secure to inyself by Letters Patent 0f the United States 1. A radiator section including a plurality of vertically disposed, duplicate units of irregular contour, there being vertically spaced apart, horizontally extending, shallow water pockets in the opposing faces of each of said units, said units partially nesting into each other and joined together, there being substantially vertical water ways between adjacent units, following the contour/ of saidiunits, said water ways being in communication with said water pockets, there being horizontal air passages through each of said .units directly adjacent said water pockets, said horizontal air passages being connected together by vertical channels extending between said oppositely disposed water pockets, whereby a horizontal 'and a vertical flow of `air is permitted through said units.

2. A radiator section including a plurality ofI vertically disposed duplicate units of irregular contour, there being vertically spaced apart, horizontally extending, shallow water pockets in the opposing faces of each of said units, said units partially nesting into each other and oined together, there being substantially vertical water ways between adjacent units, following the contour of said units, said water ways being in communication with said water pockets, there being horizontal air passages through each of said units directly adjacent said water pockets, said horizontal air passages being connected together by vertical channels extending between said oppositely disposed water pockets, whereby a horizontal and a vertical iiow of air is permitted through said units, the inlets and outlets of said'liorizontal paspermit a freer entrance and exit of air. j

3. A radiator including an upper tank, a

lower tank and a plurality of duplicate units of irregular contour connecting the saine, there being alternate upwardly and downwardly extending ribs on alternate units projecting into the upper and lower tanks respectively,y to stitfen the marginal walls lti of said tank; there being vertically spaced apart, horizontally extending, shallow water pockets in the opposing faces of each of said units, said units partially nesting into each other and joined together, there being substantially vertical water ways between adjacent units, following the contour of said units, said water ways being in communication with said water pockets, there being horizontal air passages through each of said units directly adjacent said water pockets, said horizontal air passages being connect-ed together by vertical channels extending between said oppositely disposed water pockets, whereby a horizontal and a vertical flow of air is permitted through said units:

-l-. A radiator including an upper tank,l a lower tank and a plurality of duplicate units of irregular contour connecting the same, there being alternate upwardly and downwardly extending ribs on alternate units projecting into the upper and lower tanks respectively, to stitfen the marginal walls of said tanks; there being vertically spaced apart,horizontally extending, shallow water` pockets in the opposing faces of each of said units, said units partially nesting into each other and oined together, there being substantially vertical water ways between adjacent units, following the contour of said units, said water ways being in communication with said water pockets, there being horizontal air passages through each of said units directly adjacent 'said water pockets, said horizontal air passages being connected together by vertical channels extending between said oppositely disposed water pockets, whereby a horizontal and a Vertical flow of air is 'permitted through said units, the inlets and outlets of said horizontal passages being substantially funnel shaped, to permit a freer entrance and exit of air.

As an article of manufacture, a single, continuous, sheet metallic strip bent back upon itself medially of its length and having its free ends joined to each other, said strip being provided with a plurality of equally spaced transverse corrugations ex tending the entire width of said strip and intervening walls between said corrugations, the height of said walls being greater at the longitudinal margins of said strip than intermediate thereof, said walls having contact with opposite walls when said strip is so rebent and joined.

In testimony whei'cof I have set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES F. SPERY.

lVitnesses lViLLIAM O. STARK,

C. S. STARK. 

